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Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, mandatory changes were required in the field of education, as in many other fields. One of these fields is a teacher training programme, which includes teaching practice. It has become of great importance that pre-service science teachers, who frequently include experiments in their teaching practices in face-to-face education, will carry out this process in online education. This process, experienced due to the COVID-19 pandemic, prompted pre-service science teachers to find something that could replace the wet labs. One of the solutions in this situation is for them to choose and use appropriate Web 2.0 tools in their online lab teaching practices. Therefore, the purpose of the study was to examine the Web 2.0 tools used by pre-service chemistry teachers in their online teaching practices in a distance education environment, the purposes of using these tools, and their justifications for preferences to use these tools. This study was conducted with 15 pre-service chemistry teachers. Data were collected via observations, a form filled out by the participants, and semi-structured interviews in this study. According to the results of this study, it was determined that the participants used 17 Web 2.0 tools during their online teaching practices. The findings highlighted that the most used Web 2.0 tools were Perculus+ chat, Google docs, and Quizizz. Moreover, it was determined that the participants used these tools for 21 different purposes such as drawing students' attention, getting hypotheses, and designing experiments. The results also indicated that the participants emphasised the ease of the Web 2.0 tool as a justification for the preference for almost all of the Web 2.0 tools they use, regardless of their purposes for using these tools. It is thought that the results can be used to show how to make online or face-to-face teaching practices in teacher training programmes by using Web 2.0 tools more effective in the future.
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PurposeThis paper draws on the affordance perspective, to explore the social media (SM) usage experiences that might render valuable for academic women professionals, for knowledge exchange, networking and success. Owing to the increased SM usage during COVID-19 pandemic, this paper tries to find out that in what ways do SM affordances facilitate the underprivileged group of women professionals to grow in their careers in a masculine, conservative society through knowledge exchange.Design/methodology/approachBy utilizing qualitative study design, the authors collected data from 31 women employed in Pakistani universities, through unstructured questionnaires. The responses were analyzed through Nvivo.FindingsThe generated themes suggested that women in Pakistan are aware of SM's potential for knowledge exchange among fellow professionals. They use it to aid them in communication, collaboration and networking. Additionally, they utilize it to share knowledge and build networks that are vital for career progression and success.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper concludes with the implications for practitioners that would aid them in boosting career prospects for women academicians through SM usage in a developing country Pakistan;where women's career outlooks are not as promising as for men;or as bright as for women working in the developed economies.Originality/valueThis a unique attempt to explore knowledge exchange dimensions with the help of SM in the context of working women by the deploying the phenomenological approach.
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: This research aimed to analyze the use of cybermarketing in the political campaign of Andrés Arauz during the 2021 presidential elections, in contrast to that of Lenín Moreno in 2017, to identify the change in strategies in the COVID-19 pandemic. For the design, techniques such as interviews with experts in political communication and surveys of young centennials and millennials between 21 and 29 years old in various provinces of Ecuador were used. La política ha adoptado las nuevas herramientas digitales para sus objetivos, gracias a ellas, por un lado, se puede realizar una mejor segmentación, un mayor alcance de información, mayor contacto con el electorado, etc., todo ello forma parte de lo que se conoce como ciberpolítica, entendida como "nuevas formas de interacción entre el gobierno y los ciudadanos, entre éstos y los partidos políticos, entre las empresas y los órganos legislativos, entre ciudadanos de un régimen político y entre ciudadanos del mundo" (Caballero, 2016, p. 292). En el caso de WhatsApp se discute si la misma se puede considerar como una red social que sea parte del marketing político ya que es una herramienta personal y casi no invasiva.
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Background: Social media is a ubiquitous phenomenon that serves as a tool for communication, collaboration, and creativity. In the long term, it has an indispensable place in the field of education. The research paper discusses the use of certain social networking sites where learning management systems are extensively and consistently used in the teaching and learning process at universities. The rapid transition to online platforms had a tremendous impact on the educational process, exposing and promoting the effectiveness of heutagogy. The circumstances made it necessary to emphasize the value of self-directed learning and the capacity to identify educational requirements and strategies for reaching study objectives. This kind of research corresponds to the increased need to develop desired self-study skills in students. Objectives: The goal of the paper is to demonstrate how undergraduate students perceive the trends in acceptance and the degree of appropriateness of social media for academic purposes. Methods: Research on social media use in education was inspired by a review of the literature. The purpose of the questionnaire is to track awareness, use, general satisfaction, communication, testing, and revision. The set of social media examined in the survey (years 2021 and 2022) was modified to reflect the social media landscape at the time. This study compares the findings of four different studies. The outcomes are displayed in graphs. Results: Two areas are analyzed: social media as a means of communication in the process of education and social media as a tool enabling students' revision and testing of study materials. The first two studies, which were conducted in 2014 and 2019, are based on the same set of examined social media and fit the comparison, enabling to define the trend in students' perceived satisfaction with social media for study purposes. The third and fourth studies discussed in this paper were run during the winter semesters of 2021 and 2022. Conclusions: The most significant differences between 2021 and 2022 can be seen in Instagram, Twitch, and other platforms, where a substantial drop in satisfaction in the communication field can be seen. The biggest difference in revision and testing is found in Facebook, Twitch, and Teams, which are abandoning online teaching and learning after the COVID-19 event. Social media use for studying has significantly decreased, with noteworthy decreases in Wiki, Facebook, and video calls.
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Background and Purpose: The development of research knowledge, skills, and attitudes among postgraduate vocational-health education students is a crucial outcome of their degree program. This study focuses on the research competences of vocational-health education students and their use of web 2.0 technologies to enhance research productivity. The study employs the Vitae Researcher Development Framework (RDF) and examines the use of web 2.0 technologies. Method: The study surveyed 390 postgraduate vocational-health education students enrolled in universities in Pakistan. Of the participants, 50.5% were male, 49.5% were female, 45.1% were from private universities, and 54.9% were from public sector universities. Moreover, 68.2% were Master's students, while 31.8% were doctoral students. The data were analyzed through both symmetrical and asymmetrical modeling techniques, including Partial least square equation modeling (PLS-SEM) and fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA), to measure the direct and indirect specific relationships among the constructs. Results: The results confirmed that research competences and web 2.0 technologies have a direct effect on research productivity. Furthermore, the results revealed that web 2.0 technologies mediate in the relationship between research competences and research productivity. Conclusions: The study concludes that research competences and web 2.0 technologies predict research productivity. Additionally, web 2.0 technologies have an intervening role in the relationship between research competences and research productivity during the COVID-19 pandemic emergency. Implications: This study highlights the broader implications for health education policymakers and institutions to include web 2.0 technologies in their development plans. Future studies can develop web 2.0-based instructional strategies for the professional development of advanced vocational-health education researchers. Originality: This study contributes to the knowledge of research competences, web 2.0 technologies, and research productivity for vocational-health education researchers.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has forced some instructors to delve more deeply into the use of Web 2.0-based teaching tools and others to start using them for the first time. This article presents the results of a survey in which 1,344 Spanish university professors and 3,930 Italian professors participated, from all fields of knowledge. The objective is to assess whether university professors perceive that the use of web 2.0 tools will increase in the coming years and thus alter the way they teach after the face-to-face classroom teaching system has been restored. The results show that the perception of change is fairly high and this perception depends mainly on psychographic characteristics, such as attitude, perceived usefulness, social norms, and affective commitment to teaching. Similarities and differences between the two samples of university professors are discussed.
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Using technology and social networking sites in education has become a variable that should be considered and utilized by educators to cope with learners' needs and demands in the era of the technological revolution, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed at reviewing and analyzing the benefits of using one of the social networking sites (Facebook) in foreign language instruction, particularly teaching and learning English at higher educational institutions. A meta-analysis qualitative approach was followed as thirty-three studies were reviewed, summarized and synthesized based on predetermined criteria and procedures. The findings revealed five main roles and benefits that Facebook as a Web 2.0 technology can have in foreign language instruction, which were: (a) the impact of using Facebook on adult learners' engagement;(b) the impact of using Facebook on improving college students' academic performance and achievement;(c) the role of using Facebook in supporting cross-cultural awareness and collaborative learning;(d) the role of using Facebook in enhancing the interactive and communicative learning;(e) the role of using Facebook in immersing students in a meaningful learning experience. Accordingly, some conclusions and recommendations were suggested. © 2023 The Author(s). This open access article is distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) 4.0 license.
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The article presents the results of a quantitative comparative analysis of the activity of 59 Polish public university libraries on the social networking site Facebook (2009–2022). The study aimed to assess the use of Facebook by university libraries of different types and to evaluate the popularity of the content shared by these institutions based on the number of posts shared and the users' reactions to them. Fanpage Karma, a commercial online tool for monitoring social media monitoring was used to collect and statistically analyze the data from individual fan pages. The findings showed that overall, the degree of social media activity was not dependent on the type of library. Although the existence of Facebook is not new in the area of social networking, its use in Polish libraries has not yet become widespread. The phenomenon of the lack of library fan pages on social media is worrying given that several of these tertiary level libraries had no fan pages on any kind of social media. Nevertheless, for those that had a Facebook fan page, it was discovered that it was one of the primary tools for communicating with users, promoting library and information services, and other library activities. © 2023
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COVID-19 has undeniably affected museums' online content yet attempts to identify or understand sector trends have been hampered by a lack of data. This paper uses a representative sample of 315 U.K. museums to create a much-needed benchmark against which museum practitioners can evaluate and contextualise prior studies and their own experiences. Gathering data from museum websites and five social media platforms, this paper is one of the largest studies of its kind in the European museum sector and the first of such scale in the U.K. Beginning with an overview of social media adoption, the paper then investigates museums' use of YouTube to identify sector trends. Crucially, this paper demonstrates a scalable methodology that enables a broader analysis of European and North American museums using TripAdvisor. This method has applications beyond the heritage sector and is pertinent to the study of any public facing attraction. © 2023 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
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COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically reshaped educational strategies and the methods of their delivery. It has also affected those courses that incorporate many social media online activities. This paper introduces the major strategies that were used to adapt an already stable Web 2.0-based course to a fully online course. A comparison of teaching and learning methods and outcomes before and after the transition is presented, illustrated by a series of selected decision factors that are discussed in more detail. It is additionally supplemented by students' evaluation of the course organization and its quality in parallel with the teacher's impression of the amount of acquired knowledge and the ways students received their passing grade. Expecting a soon return to in-class education, the course will have to undergo a new in-depth adaptation taking into account the experiences gained during fully online learning and the fact that students will have to re-learn how face-to-face education functioned. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has forced teachers to implement fully online teaching. This study reviewed the popular technologies that are used in online learning, as well as the advantages and difficulties of applying fully online courses for formal education. Based on this research background, this study proposed a nested scaffolding design of an online course for 215 college students in China with the help of six technological tools, which effectively replaced face-to-face interactions and significantly improved the usage of the supporting learning platform. The inner-outer learning cycles supported by the technological tools improved the quality of the scaffolding conversations, reduced the scaffolding time cost that teachers had to expend and enhanced the effectiveness of the individualised scaffolding instructions.
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This article examines the rise of online narrowcasting and the battle over the right to remediate ephemeral televisual content through the case study of Justin.tv. The platform became wildly popular, garnering forty-five million monthly users at its height, because it allowed anyone with a stable Internet connection to become a distributor of content. The platform quickly transitioned from a place for "life-casting" to one where users were narrowcasting a wide array of content, including original media, copyrighted live television and sports programs, and taped archives of television shows. This platform-shifted retransmission of televisual content caught the attention of traditional broadcasters and the US Congress. Justin.tv's narrowcasts followed the traditional linear model of broadcasting but also included the interactivity and open-source usage rules of Web 2.0. This led to a conflict in which the copyright holders attempted to redefine the retransmission of the content--which had originally been intended to be temporary--as stealing. Considering the explosive growth of live-streaming platforms such as Twitch (Justin.tv's successor) during the COVID-19 pandemic, reexamining the antecedents of narrowcasting and contested sites of remediation through Justin.tv provides important context for understanding the current media ecosystem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Velvet Light Trap: A Critical Journal of Film & Television is the property of University of Texas Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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In this paper we developed a digital methods mapping of the controversy arises from the adoption of the so-called "Green Pass" in Italy Adopting an "agnostic" approach to our object of study, we used a well-established research design: namely, to collect all the tweets that contain words related to conversations about the green pass in Italy (e.g.: green pass, #greenpass). In this way, the sample collected amounts to 4.307.487 tweets, published between June 15, 2021, and December 15, 2021. To bring out the "voices" of the different actors involved in the controversy we adopted a quali-quantitative approach: on the one hand, by means of computational techniques, we reconstructed the structural relations in which the actors are involved and its evolution over time;on the other hand, by means of content analysis we enriched our map with an interpretation of the discourse surrounding the controversy. Finally, these cartographic results are discussed considering the Italian media system functioning, in order to understand how its conformation may have influenced the public debate concerning the green pass.
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In this study, the impact of activity designing experiences with Web 2.0 tools on prospective math teachers was examined. The aim of the study was to examine the impact of activity design experiences organized with Web 2.0 tools in the mathematics teaching course on the technological pedagogical content efficacy of prospective teachers, their attitude towards teaching technologies, and rapid content development self-efficacy with Web 2.0 tools. In the study, a nested mixed method was employed. In the study conducted with 33 prospective teachers from the primary mathematics teaching department, the quantitative data was collected using the scales "Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge", "Self-Sufficiency for Web 2.0 Rapid Content Development" and "Attitude to Teaching Technologies". Qualitative data was collected using an interview form. Within the scope of the distance education and "Teaching numbers" course, different Web 2.0 tools were introduced for a period of 10 weeks, and it was presented how to create activity examples that could be used in mathematics teaching. According to the quantitative results, the prospective mathematics teachers' self-efficacy increased for rapid content development with Web 2.0 tools. In addition, it was observed that the "Attitude towards Teaching Technologies" scale had a significant effect on the sub-dimensions such as believing in the use of teaching technologies in lessons, enjoying the use of teaching technologies in lessons, and not enjoying the use of teaching technologies. In line with the opinions of prospective mathematics teachers, it was concluded that the study raised awareness about technology integration, enabled content production with Web 2.0 tools, and developed positive attitudes, new knowledge, and skills about technology.
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The aim of this research is to reveal the features of a Web 2.0 tool for measurement and evaluation that will be developed for primary education teachers, in line with the opinions of experts from the Department of Computer Education and Instructional Technology (CEIT) and Primary Education (PE). Case study is one of the qualitative research methods used in this research. Participants consisted of 20 (CEIT: 10, PE: 10) field experts, with professional experiences ranging from 1 to 27 years. The opinions of the field experts were received through semistructured interviews. The findings obtained in the research were evaluated in general. It has been determined that the measurement and evaluation Web 2.0 tool to be developed for the use of primary education teachers, should not only have a question/answer design with multimedia support, but also include awards/competition and teamwork' interaction in order to be preferred by students. Additionally, it should provide ease of use and be supported by stakeholders in order to be preferred by teachers. It is recommended that the specified Web 2.0 tool should include outcome-based and graphical-based reporting features. Especially in the Covid-19 pandemic, in order for parents to support their child and follow the student's progress, it is recommended that a detailed statistical development report be included in the parent interface limited to their children only.
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Technological tools have affected education just as all areas of life. Especially nowadays, technological tools are highly utilized in the effective regulation of the teaching-learning process. Web 2.0 tools are included among these technological tools. Web 2.0 tools are used in mothertongue instruction as well as in all disciplines. This study is an attempt to examine the experiences of teachers who use Web 2.0 tools in mother-tongue instruction. We used the phenomenological design, which is one of the qualitative research designs, in our study. We considered the criterion sampling method in determining the participants. As the data collection tool, we administered an interview form to the teachers. Since we could not hold face-to-face meetings during the COVID-19 Pandemic, we used online platforms to interview the participants. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. We analyzed our data through the MAXQDA qualitative data analysis program and presented the results in figures. One of the notable results of our study was that mother-tongue teachers used numerous and different Web 2.0 tools in mother-tongue instruction. Another significant result of our study was that Web 2.0 tools used by teachers made a major contribution to the development of reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills. In addition, we concluded that the use of Web 2.0 tools in mother-tongue instruction had various contributions to both students and teachers.
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Semantic Web technology is not new as most of us contemplate, it has evolved over the years. Linked Data web terminology is the name set recently to the Semantic Web. Semantic Web is a continuation of Web 2.0 and it is to replace existing technologies. It is built on Natural Language processing and provides solutions to most of the prevailing issues. Web 3.0 is the version of Semantic Web caters to the information needs of half of the population on earth. This paper links two important current concerns, the security of information and enforced online education due to COVID-19 with Semantic Web. The Steganography requirement for the Semantic web is discussed elaborately, even though encryption is applied which is inadequate in providing protection. Web 2.0 issues concerning online education and semantic Web solutions have been discussed. An extensive literature survey has been conducted related to the architecture of Web 3.0, detailed history of online education, and Security architecture. Finally, Semantic Web is here to stay and data hiding along with encryption makes it robust.
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This paper studies the use of social media in the Indian Lok Sabha and assembly elections. This study focuses on using social media in the 2014 and 2019 Lok Sabha elections and its impact on voters. Besides, the paper also discusses the extensive use of social media in last assembly elections held in different Indian states during the COVID-19 pandemic. The onset of the pandemic has forced politicians and political parties to turn to social media for virtual campaigning. This paper covers the role of social media in the assembly elections in UP, Uttarakhand, Punjab, Goa, West Bengal, and Kerala. In recent years, Indian politicians have significantly relied on social media for campaigning during elections. As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Election Commission's temporary restriction on rallies, the use of social media in assembly elections grew considerably. This paper also highlights social media usage in the recent 2022 assembly elections in Gujarat and Himachal Pradesh.
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Social networking sites are regarded as useful catalysts for enhancing organisational work productivity and creativity. In the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, the spin-offs associated with these particular platforms have become even more evident. Consequently, this study sought to explore the added benefits of using social networking sites to improve the work productivity and creativity of selected urban tourism-related Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the City of Tshwane, South Africa. The exploration of the research questions of the study suggests a theoretical framework that consists of key elements of diffusion and adoption of technology. As a result, Roger's Diffusion of Innovations Theory proved to be most applicable as it offers a relevant analytical framework for the dissemination and adoption of technology. The study adopted a qualitative approach by conducting interviews with a targeted population of SME service providers in the context of Pretoria (Tshwane) in the Gauteng province. The sample consisted of 50 such service providers that were selected using purposive sampling. Sampled SMEs included: 20 abed and breakfasts", 20 guest houses, and 10 tour operators. Interviews were then conducted with their relevant managers. The data were analysed using open coding, where dominant themes from the discussions were identified and discussed in detail. Findings indicate that a variety of social networking sites have been adopted by the tourism sector to enhance work productivity. These sites have changed the way SMEs operate, especially with regard to communication and marketing techniques.
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Since the start of coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19), remote collaboration is increasingly becoming an important requirement in the healthcare sector. This is due to the fact that new information and communication technologies (ITC) can offer more flexibility in time and space. Therefore, we present in this paper a virtual environment that aims to support remote collaborative medical diagnosis. This proposal is mainly based on cognitive studies carried out in the medical field. Moreover, to support medical decision-making, we have integrated an intelligent system into our virtual environment using deep learning technologies. © 2022 IEEE.